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product grade temperatures (c) grade operating storage t = -40 to +100 -40 to +125 baseplate f = slotted flange t = transverse heat sink [a] [a] contact factory prm tm regulator product overview the vi brick pre-regulator module is a very efficient non-isolated regulator specifically designed to provide a controlled factorized bus distribution voltage for powering downstream vi brick voltage transformation modules. in combination, vi brick prms and vtms tm form a complete dc-dc converter subsystem offering all of the unique benefits of vicor?s factorized power architecture (fpa): high density and efficiency; low noise operation; architectural flexibility; extremely fast transient response; elimination of bulk capacitance at the point-of-load (pol); in a thermally enhanced package. applications ? solid state lighting ? stadium displays ? industrial controls ? avionics ? underseas ? rf amplifiers ? microprocessor and dsp requiring fast response ? 100c baseplate operation ? vin range: 18 ? 36 vdc ? factorized power ? high density: up to 156 w/in 3 ? small footprint: 1.64 and 2.08 in 2 ? height above board: 0.37 in (9.5 mm) ? low weight: 1.07 oz (30.4 g) ? zvs buck-boost regulator ? typical efficiency: 95% ? 1.33 mhz switching frequency ? low noise operation ? architectural flexibility ? lead free wave solder compatible ? agency approvals features pr 024 a 480 t 012 f p output voltage designator (=v out x10) output power designator (=p out /10) part numbering pre-regulator module input voltage designator package size pin style p = through hole pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 1 of 13 size: 1.91 x 1.09 x 0.37 in 48,6 x 27,7 x 9,5 mm
parameter values unit notes +in to -in -1.0 to 60.0 vdc pc to -in -0.3 to 6.0 vdc pr to -in -0.3 to 9.0 vdc il to -in -0.3 to 6.0 vdc vc to -in -0.3 to 18.0 vdc +out to -out -0.3 to 59 vdc sc to -out -0.3 to 3.0 vdc vh to -out -0.3 to 9.5 vdc os to -out -0.3 to 9.0 vdc cd to -out -0.3 to 9.0 vdc sg to -out 100 ma continuous output current 2.5 adc continuous output power 120 w operating temperature -40 to +100 c t-grade; baseplate storage temperature -40 to +125 c t-grade electrical characteristics apply over the full operating range of input voltage, output load (resistive) and baseplate temperat ure, unless otherwise specified. all temperatures refer to the operating temperature at the center of the baseplate. absolute maximum ratings specifications parameter min typ max unit notes input voltage range 18 24 36 vdc input dv/dt 1 v/s input undervoltage turn-on 15.8 16.5 vdc increases as temperature increases to 17.3 max input undervoltage turn-off 13.5 14.1 vdc input overvoltage turn-on 36.3 37.1 vdc input overvoltage turn-off 37.8 38.9 vdc input quiescent current 0.5 1 ma pc low input current 5.2 adc input reflected ripple current 284 ma p-p see figures 3 & 4 no load power dissipation 3.82 7.65 w internal input capacitance 5 f ceramic recommended external input capacitance 1,000 f see figure 4 for input filter circuit. source impedance dependent input specifications (conditions are at 24 vin, 48 vf [a] , full load, and 25c ambient unless otherwise specified) pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 2 of 13 note: stresses in excess of the maximum ratings can cause permanent damage to the device. operation of the device is not implied at t hese or any other conditions in excess of those given in the specification. exposure to absolute maximum ratings can adversely affect device reliability. [a] vf is factorized bus voltage (see figure 15).
specifications (cont.) figure 3 ? input reflected ripple current +in ?in 1000 f al-electrolytic reflected ripple measurement 2.37 k + out ? out 10 a prm vh sc sg os nc cd vc pc tm il nc pr +in +out -out -in figure 4 ? input filter capacitor recommendation input waveforms figure 1 ? vf and pc response from power up figure 2 ? vf turn-on waveform with inrush current ? pc enabled pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 3 of 13 [a] see input fuse recommendations section [a]
parameter min typ max unit note output voltage range 26 48 55 vdc factorized bus voltage (vf) set by r os output power 0 120 w output current 0 2.5 adc dc current limit 2.6 3.0 3.3 adc i l pin floating average short circuit current 0.5 a auto recovery set point accuracy 1.5 % line regulation 0.1 0.2 % low line to high line load regulation 0.1 0.2 % no cd resistor load regulation (at vtm output) 1.0 2.0 % adaptive loop current share accuracy 5 10 % efficiency full load 95 % see figure 5,6 & 7 output overvoltage set point 56 59.4 vdc output ripple voltage no external bypass 1.0 2.0 % factorized bus, see figure 12 with 10 f capacitor 0.5 1.0 % factorized bus, see figure 13 switching frequency 1.24 1.33 1.45 mhz fixed frequency - across entire operating range output turn-on delay from application of power 55 105 ms see figure 1 from pc pin high 100 s see figure 2 internal output capacitance 5 f ceramic factorized bus capacitance 47 f output specifications (conditions are at 24 vin, 48 vf [a] , full load, and 25c ambient unless otherwise specified) specifications (cont.) pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 4 of 13
specifications (cont.) efficiency vs. output current 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 output current (a) efficiency (%) 18v 24v 3 6v vin figure 5 ? efficiency vs. output current at 48 vf efficiency vs. output current 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 output current (a) efficiency (%) 18v 24v 3 6v vin figure 6 ? efficiency vs. output current at 36 vf output waveforms efficiency vs. output current 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 output current (a) efficiency (%) 18v 24v 3 6v vin figure 7 ? efficiency vs. output current at 26 vf pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 5 of 13
specifications (cont.) output waveforms figure 9 ? transient response; prm alone 18 vin, 0-2.5-0 a no load capacitance, local loop figure 8 ? transient response; prm alone 24 vin, 0-2.5-0 a, no load capacitance, local loop figure 10 ? transient response; prm alone 36 vin, 0-2.5-0 a no load capacitance, local loop. figure 11 ? pc during fault ? frequency will vary as a function of line voltage figure 12 ? output ripple full load no bypass capacitance pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 6 of 13 figure 13 ? output ripple full load 10 f bypass capacitance
specifications (cont.) parameter min typ max unit notes mtbf mil-hdbk-217f 2.2 mhrs 25c, gb agency approvals ctvus ul/csa 60950-1, en60950-1 ce mark low voltage directive rohs complies wih rohs mechanical parameters see mechanical drawings, figures 19 & 20 weight 1.07/30,4 oz/g dimensions length 1.91/48,6 in/mm width 1.09/27,7 in/mm height 0.37/9,5 in/mm thermal over temperature shutdown 130 135 140 c junction temperature thermal capacity 23.8 ws/c baseplate to ambient 8.8 c/w baseplate to ambient; 1000 lfm 3.0 c/w baseplate to sink; flat, greased surface 0.40 c/w baseplate to sink; thermal pad 0.36 c/w general specifications parameter min typ max unit notes vc (vtm control) pulse width 81218 ms peak voltage 12 14 18 v referenced to ?out pc (primary control) dc voltage 4.8 5.0 5.2 vdc referenced to ?in module disable voltage 2.3 2.4 vdc referenced to ?in module enable voltage 2.5 2.6 vdc disable hysteresis 100 mv source only after start up; not to be used for current limit 1.75 1.90 ma aux. supply; 100 k minimum load impedance to assure start up. enable delay time 100 s disable delay time 1 s il (current limit adjust) voltage 0.95 1 1.05 v accuracy 15 % based on dc current limit set point pr (parallel port) voltage 1.5 3 v referenced to sg; see description page 8 source current 1 ma external capacitance 100 pf vh (auxiliary voltage) typical internal bypass c= 0.1 f range 8.7 9.0 9.3 vdc maximum external c= 0.1 f, referenced to sg regulation 0.04 %/ma current 5 ma p sc (secondary control) voltage 1.23 1.24 1.25 vdc referenced to sg internal capacitance 0.22 f external capacitance 0.7 f os (output set) set point accuracy 1.5 % includes 1% external resistor reference offset 4 mv cd (compensation device) external resistance 20 omit resistor for regulation at output of prm auxiliary pins pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 7 of 13
pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 8 of 13 pin / control functions figure 14 ? vi brick prm pin configuration (viewed from pin side). +in / -in dc voltage ports the vi brick maximum input voltage should not be exceeded. prms have internal over / undervoltage lockout functions that prevent operation outside of the specified input range. prms will turn on when the input voltage rises above its undervoltage lockout. if the input voltage exceeds the overvoltage lockout, prms will shut down until the overvoltage fault clears. pc will toggle indicating an out of bounds condition. +out / -out factorized voltage output ports these ports provide the factorized bus voltage output. the ?out port is connected internally to the ?in port through a current sense resistor. the prm has a maximum power and a maximum current rating and is protected if either rating is exceeded. do not short ?out to ?in. vc ? vtm control the vtm control (vc) port supplies an initial v cc voltage to downstream vtms, enabling the vtms and synchronizing the rise of the vtm output voltage to that of the prm. the vc port also provides feedback to the prm to compensate for voltage drop due to the vtm output resistance. the prm?s vc port should be connected to the vtm vc port. a prm vc port can drive a maximum of two (2) vtm vc ports. pc ? primary control the prm voltage output is enabled when the pc pin is open circuit (floating). to disable the prm output voltage, the pc pin is pulled low. open collector optocouplers, transistors, or relays can be used to control the pc pin. when using multiple prms in a high power array, the pc ports must be tied together to synchronize their turn on. during an abnormal condition the pc pin will pulse (fig.11) as the prm initiates a restart cycle. this will continue until the abnormal condition is rectified. the pc should not be used as an auxiliary voltage supply, nor should it be switched at a rate greater than 1 hz. tm ? factory use only il ? current limit adjust the prm has a preset, maximum, current limit set point. the il port may be used to reduce the current limit set point to a lower value. see ?adjust- ing current limits? on page 11. pr ? parallel port the pr port signal, which is proportional to the prm output power, supports current sharing of two prms. to enable current sharing, pr ports should be interconnected. bypass capacitance should be used when interconnecting pr ports and steps should be taken to minimize coupling noise into the interconnecting bus. terminate this port with a 10 k equivalent resistance to sg, e.g. 10 k for a single prm, 20 k each for 2 prms in parallel, 30 k each for 3 prms in parallel etc.. please consult vicor applications engineering regarding additional considerations when paralleling more than two prms. vh ? auxiliary voltage vh is a gated (e.g. mirrors pc), non-isolated, nominally 9 volt, regulated dc voltage (see ?auxiliary pins? specifications, on page 7) that is referenced to sg. vh may be used to power external circuitry having a total current consumption of no more than 5 ma under either transient or steady state conditons including turn-on. sc ? secondary control the load voltage may be controlled by connecting a resistor or voltage source to the sc port referenced to sg. the slew rate of the output voltage may be controlled by controlling the rate-of-rise of the voltage at the sc port (e.g., to limit inrush current into a capacitive load). sg ? signal ground this port provides a low inductance kelvin connection to ?in and should be used as reference for the os, cd, sc,vh and il ports. os ? output set the application-specific value of the factorized bus voltage (vf) is set by connecting a resistor between os and sg. resistor value selection is shown in table 1 on page 9, and described on page 10. if no resistor is connected, the prm output will be approximately one volt. if set resistor is not collo- cated with the prm, a local bypass capacitor of ~200 pf may be required. cd ? compensation device adaptive loop control is configured by connecting an external resistor between the cd port and sg. selection of an appropriate resistor value (see equation 2 on page 10 and table 1 on page 9) configures the prm to compensate for voltage drops in the equivalent output resistance of the vtm and the prm-vtm distribution bus. if no resistor is connected to cd, the prm will be in local loop mode and will regulate the +out / ?out voltage to a fixed value.
pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 9 of 13 application information overview of adaptive loop compensation adaptive loop compensation, illustrated in figure 15, contributes to the bandwidth and speed advantage of factorized power. the prm moni- tors its output current and automatically adjusts its output voltage to compensate for the voltage drop in the output resistance of the vtm. r os sets the desired value of the vtm output voltage, vout; r cd is set to a value that compensates for the output resistance of the vtm (which, ideally, is located at the point of load). for selection of r os and r cd , refer to table 1 below or page 10. the vi brick?s bi-directional vc port : 1. provides a wake up signal from the prm to the vtm that synchronizes the rise of the vtm output voltage to that of the prm. 2. provides feedback from the vtm to the prm to enable the prm to compensate for the voltage drop in vtm output resistance, r o . l o a d factorized bus (v f ) vo = v l 1.0% ( io?ro ) k v f = v l + k vin r os r cd prm vh sc sg os nc cd vc pc tm il nc pr +in +out -out -in vtm +in +out -out +out -out -in tm vc pc figure 15 ? with adaptive loop control, the output of the vtm is regulated over the load current range with only a single interconnect be tween the prm and vtm and without the need for isolation in the feedback path. desired load voltage (vdc) vi brick vtm p/n (1) max vtm output current (a) (2) r os (k ) (3) r cd ( ) (3) 1.0 vt048a015t100fp 100 3.57 26.1 1.2 vt048a015t100fp 100 2.94 32.4 1.5 vt048a015t100fp 100 2.37 39.2 1.8 vt048a020t080fp 80 2.61 35.7 2.0 vt048a020t080fp 80 2.37 39.2 3.0 vt048a030t070fp 70 2.37 39.2 3.3 vt048a040t050fp 50 2.89 32.6 5.0 vt048a060t040fp 40 2.87 33.2 8.0 vt048a080t030fp 30 2.37 32.9 9.6 vt048a096t025fp 25 2.37 32.9 10 vt048a120t025fp 25 2.86 32.9 12 vt048a120t025fp 25 2.37 39.2 15 vt048a160t015fp 15 2.49 37.4 24 vt048a240t012fp 12.5 2.37 39.2 28 vt048a320t009fp 9.4 2.74 35.7 36 vt048a480t006fp 6.3 3.16 30.1 48 vt048a480t006fp 6.3 2.37 39.2 table 1 ? configure the vi brick prm/vtm for the desired output voltage. note: (1) see table 2 on page 10 for nominal vout range and k factors. (2) see ?prm output power vs. vtm output power? on page 11 (3) 1% precision resistors recommended
pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 10 of 13 application information l o a d factorized bus (v f ) ( i l ?ro ) k v f = v l + k vin r os r cd 0.4 h prm-al vh sc sg os nc cd vc pc tm il nc pr +in +out -out -in vtm +in +out -out +out -out -in tm vc pc output voltage setting with adaptive loop the equations for calculating r os and r cd to set a vtm output voltage are: 93100 r os = ( v l ? 0.8395 ) ? 1 (1) k r cd = 91238 + 1 (2) r os v l = desired load voltage v out = vtm output voltage k = vtm transformation ratio (available from appropriate vtm data sheet) v f = prm output voltage, the factorized bus (see figure 16) r o = vtm output resistance (available from appropriate vtm data sheet) i l = load current (actual current delivered to the load) output voltage trimming (optional) after setting the output voltage from the procedure above the output may be margined down (26 vf min) by a resistor from sc-sg using this formula: r d = 10000 v fd v fs - v fd where v fd is the desired factorized bus and v fs is the set factorized bus. a low voltage source can be applied to the sc port to margin the load voltage in proportion to the sc reference voltage. an external capacitor can be added to the sc port as shown in figure 16 to control the output voltage slew rate for soft start. figure 16 ? adaptive loop compensation with soft start using the sc port. nominal vout vtm range (vdc) k factor 0.8 ? 1.6 1/32 1.1 ? 2.2 1/24 1.6 ? 3.3 1/16 2.2 ? 4.4 1/12 3.3 ? 6.6 1/8 4.3 ? 8.8 1/6 6.5 ? 13.4 1/4 8.7 ? 17.9 1/3 13.0 ? 26.9 1/2 17.4 ? 36.0 2/3 26.0 ? 54.0 1 table 2 ? 048 input series vtm k factor selection guide
pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 11 of 13 application notes ovp ? overvoltage protection the output overvoltage protection set point of the PR024A480T012FP is factory preset for 56 v. if this threshold is exceeded the output shuts down and a restart sequence is initiated, also indicated by pc pulsing. if the condition that causes ovp is still present, the unit will again shut down. this cycle will be repeated until the fault condition is removed. the ovp set point may be set at the factory to meet unique high voltage requirements. prm output power versus vtm output power as shown in figure 17, the PR024A480T012FP is rated to deliver 2.5 a maximum, when it is delivering an output voltage in the range from 26 v to 48 v, and 120 w, maximum, when delivering an output voltage in the range from 48 v to 55 v. when configuring a prm for use with a specific vtm, refer to the appropriate vtm data sheet. the vtm input power can be calculated by dividing the vtm output power by the vtm efficiency (available from the vtm data sheet). the input power required by the vtm should not exceed the output power rating of the prm. the factorized bus voltage should not exceed an absolute limit of 55 v, including steady state, ripple and transient conditions. exceeding this limit may cause the internal ovp set point to be exceeded. parallel considerations the pr port is used to connect two prms in parallel to form a higher power array. when configuring arrays, pr port interconnection terminating impedance is 10 k to sg. see note page 8 and refer to application note an002. additionally one prm should be designated as the master while all other prms are set as slaves by shorting their sc pin to sg. the pc pins must be directly connected (no diodes) to assure a uniform start up sequence. consult vicor applications engineering for applications requiring more than two prms. adjusting current limit the current limit can be lowered by placing an external resistor between the i l and sg ports (see figure 18 for resistor values) . with the i l port open-circuit, the current limit is preset to be within the range specified in the output specifications table on page 4. input fuse recommendations a fuse should be incorporated at the input to the prm, in series with the +in port. a fast act ing fuse, nano2 fuse 451/453 series 10 a 125 v, or equivalent, may be required to meet certain safety agency conditions of acceptability. always ascertain and observe the safety, regulatory, or other agency specifications that apply to your specific application. for agency approvals and fusing conditions, click on the link below: http://www.vicorpower.com/technical_library/technical_documentation/quality_and_ certification/safety_approvals/ product safety considerations if the input of the prm is connected to selv or elv circuits, the output of the prm can be considered selv or elv respectively. if the input of the prm is connected to a centralized dc power system where the working or float voltage is above selv, but less than or equal to 75 v, the input and output voltage of the prm should be classified as a tnv-2 circuit and spaced 1.3 mm from selv circuitry or accessible conductive parts according to the requirements of ul60950-1, csa 22.2 60950-1, en60950-1, and iec60950-1. application notes for prm and vi brick application notes on soldering, board layout, and system design please click on the link below: http://www.vicorpower.com/technical_library/application_information/ applications assistance please contact vicor applications engineering for assistance, 1-800-927-9474, or email at apps@vicorpower.com. 1.00 10.00 100.00 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 desired prm output current limit (a) kiloohms figure 18 ? calculated external resistor value for adjusting current limit, actual value may vary. 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 factorized bus voltage (v f ) 2.30 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.50 2.55 current (a) 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 2.25 2.20 2.15 60 20 ~ ~ 0 22 24 56 58 safe operating area figure 17 ? PR024A480T012FP rating based on factorized bus voltage
pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 page 12 of 13 figure 19 ? module outline figure 20 ? pcb mounting specifications mechanical drawings recommended pcb pattern (component side shown) baseplate - slotted flange heat sink (transverse)
pre-regulator module pr 024a480t012fp vicorpower.com rev. 1.1 5/08 vicor corporation 25 frontage road andover, ma, usa 01810 tel: 800-735-6200 fax: 978-475-6715 email customer service: custserv@vicorpower.com technical support: apps@vicorpower.com warranty vicor products are guaranteed for two years from date of shipment against defects in material or workmanship when in normal use and service. this warranty does not extend to products subjected to misuse, accident, or improper application or maintenance. vicor shall not be liable for collateral or consequential da mage. this warranty is extended to the original purchaser only. except for the foregoing express warranty, vicor makes no warranty, express or implied, including, but not limited to, the warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. vicor will repair or replace defective products in accordance with its own best judgement. for service under this warranty, the buyer must contact vicor to obtain a return material authorization (rma) number and shipping instructions. pr oducts returned without prior authorization will be returned to the buyer. the buyer will pay all charges incurred in returning the product to the factory. vicor will pay all reshipment charges if the product was defective within the terms of this warranty. information published by vicor has been carefully checked and is believed to be accurate; however, no responsibility is assumed for inaccuracies. vicor reserves the right to make changes to any products without further notice to improve reliability, function, or design. vicor does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit; neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. vicor general policy does not recommend the use of its components in life support applications wherein a failure or malfunction may directly threaten life or injury. per vicor terms and conditions of sale, the user of vicor components in life support applications assumes all risks of such use and indemnifies vicor against all damages. vicor?s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high density ac-dc and dc-dc modules and accessory components, fully configurable ac-dc and dc-dc power supplies, and complete custom power systems. information furnished by vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by vicor for its use. vicor components are not designed to be used in applications, such as life support systems, wherein a failure or malfunction could result in injury or death. all sales are subject to vicor?s terms and conditions of sale, which are available upon request. specifications are subject to change without notice. intellectual property notice vicor and its subsidiaries own intellectual property (including issued u.s. and foreign patents and pending patent applications) relating to the products described in this data sheet. interested parties should contact vicor's intel- lectual property department. the products described on this data sheet are protected by the following u.s. patents numbers: 5,945,130; 6,403,009; 6,710,257; 6,788,033; 6,940,013; 6,969,909; 7,038,917; 7,154,250; 7,166,898; 7,187,263; 7,202,646; 7,361,844; 7,368,957; re40,072; d496,906; d506,438; d509,472; and for use under u.s. pat. nos. 6,975,098 and 6,984,965

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